What Thinking Mode Actually Costs You (September 2026)
Reasoning tokens, latency, and KV cache cost of thinking mode in local LLMs. How to toggle it per runner and when it is the wrong choice.
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Reasoning tokens, latency, and KV cache cost of thinking mode in local LLMs. How to toggle it per runner and when it is the wrong choice.
How Ollama, LM Studio, llama.cpp, and vLLM differ on model format, OpenAI-compatible API, hardware support, and which to pick for a home server.
Auth, reverse proxy, HTTPS, concurrency and audit: how a small team shares one local model without exposing it to the public internet.
Multi-GPU options for self-hosted AI when one card runs out of room: how Ollama, llama.cpp and vLLM split models, and what the interconnects actually cost.
Raspberry Pi 4 and Pi 5 can run small open-weight models on CPU alone. What fits on 2 GB, 4 GB, 8 GB, or 16 GB of RAM, and what speed is realistic.
The RTX 30 and 40 series cards that still clear current Ollama and llama.cpp floors, what VRAM tier each opens, and which variants are worth the used premium.
Practical patterns for letting two to six people in one home share one local model on one machine, with the right chat UI, bind address, and overlay network.
How much quality a smaller quant actually loses. Real MMLU and KL Divergence numbers across Q2_K through Q8_0, plus how to measure on your own workload.
What works on AMD Radeon and Intel Arc hardware today, where the official ROCm and SYCL paths stop, and how Vulkan fills the gap.
AMD's ROCm support splits by card and by OS, Intel archived both of its own LLM libraries this year, and llama.cpp is the path still standing.
8-bit measures close to lossless. 4-bit ranges from a 0.6% gain to a 59% drop on one benchmark, depending on the model. The figures, fully attributed.
Which open models run on CPU and RAM alone, how to size them, why mixture-of-experts helps, and what a machine with no discrete GPU cannot do.
Ollama, LM Studio, Jan, llama.cpp and vLLM compared: licences, engines, OpenAI-compatible APIs, multi-user serving, and which to install first.
Find your VRAM tier, then the current open-weight pick for chat, coding, vision, speech, translation or agents. Eighteen guides, one index.
Apple caps its on-device model at 4096 tokens per session, and Google's own tables put Gemma 4 E2B at 25.0 decode tokens/sec on an iPhone 17 Pro CPU.
Apple Silicon has no discrete VRAM, so tier guides mislead Mac owners. The real ceilings are bandwidth and the GPU-usable slice of unified memory.
Quantization formats compared with real file sizes and bits per weight. Why Q4 does not halve a model, and why low quants generate faster.
Two back-to-back merges add MiniMax Sparse Attention and a Qwen2.5-VL style vision tower to llama.cpp, but every existing MiniMax-M3 GGUF must be regenerated.
VIDRAFT_LAB posts Ourbox-35B-JGOS to Hugging Face: 20 tok/s on an 8GB laptop GPU, ~17 tok/s on a CPU-only server, 86.4% on GPQA Diamond.
Georgi Gerganov's team is now at Hugging Face, unifying the model hub with the inference engine that powers Ollama, LM Studio, and the entire local AI ecosystem.
This week's open-source highlights: AI2's hybrid architecture proves transformers need help, autoresearch automates ML experiments overnight, and local inference gets serious upgrades.
Ollama delivers 40% faster inference while llama.cpp finds a permanent home at Hugging Face. Two developments that secure the future of running AI on your own hardware.
This week's biggest open-source AI developments: llama.cpp finds a permanent home, China releases a 744B parameter model under MIT license, and a secure WhatsApp AI assistant goes viral
llama.cpp's creators join Hugging Face to keep the project open and sustainable while local AI competes with cloud inference.